Research

Advancing the science and design of market-based mechanisms for a sustainable future

I lead the MIDD Lab at Imperial College London, where we develop quantitative and qualitative methodologies to design, evaluate and improve market-based mechanisms. Our work supports four key stakeholders in making better decisions for climate and sustainability outcomes.

Cleantech developers / start-ups
Qualitative

Understand developer and buyer behaviour, preferences and barriers to adoption.

Quantitative

Market opportunity sizing, revenue potential, and purchase agreement likelihood.

Investors
Qualitative

Evaluate market sentiment, risk perceptions and investment priorities.

Quantitative

Investment readiness scoring, country intelligence and risk-adjusted returns.

MARKET-BASED
MECHANISMS

ETS · Carbon Taxes · CBAM · CfDs/CCfDs
Fuel Mandates · Feebates · Carbon Insets
Internal Carbon Pricing · Voluntary Carbon Markets
and more…

Systems Modelling & Optimisation
Regulated entities / businesses
Qualitative

Assess organisational readiness, risk appetite and decision drivers.

Quantitative

Compliance cost estimation and technology viability within cost constraints.

Policy makers
Qualitative

Understand policy objectives, political economy and stakeholder perspectives.

Quantitative

Policy impact analysis, deployment and abatement projections under scenarios.

Our approach: quantitative rigor · qualitative insight · real-world impact

Quantitative Methodologies

Economic modelling, optimisation, econometrics and machine learning on large-scale datasets to evaluate policy impacts, investment viability, compliance costs and market outcomes across sectors and geographies.

Qualitative Insights

Stakeholder engagement, interviews, surveys and behavioural analysis to understand decision-making, barriers, incentives and real-world responses to market-based mechanisms across the four key stakeholder groups.

Outcome

Actionable intelligence, decision-support tools and dashboards that enable better decisions, reduce investment risk and accelerate the transition to a sustainable, cost-effective future.

Portfolio

Projects

A global view of the market-based mechanisms, sectors and cleantech categories covered across the MIDD Lab's research portfolio. Click a country to see the mechanisms, sectors and researchers involved.

197
Countries mapped
892
Market-based mechanisms
28
Sectors regulated
540+
Cleantech categories supported
18
Researchers involved
World map — MIDD Lab country coverage
ComprehensiveModerateEmergingLimited / PlannedNo mechanism
People

Researchers in the MIDD Lab

Miss Elsy Milan
Miss Elsy Milan
Mr Zhenyu (Alan) Tan
Mr Zhenyu (Alan) Tan
Mr Daniel Davids
Mr Daniel Davids
Mr Ussama Rai
Mr Ussama Rai
Mr Luke Hatton
Mr Luke Hatton
Publications

Publications categorised by research area, sourced from Google Scholar and Imperial College London. Circle size represents the number of publications in each area.

25
Publications
ⓘ Publications are categorised by primary research area; some works span multiple topics.